Drilling: Difference between revisions
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"Test holes are drilled to obtain representative disturbed and undisturbed samples to: | "Test holes are drilled to obtain representative disturbed and undisturbed samples to: | ||
*advance and clean holes to specific horizons for logging, sampling, and conducting tests; | *"advance and clean holes to specific horizons for logging, sampling, and conducting tests; | ||
*advance holes to bedrock to delineate rock surface; | *"advance holes to bedrock to delineate rock surface; | ||
*install [[piezometers]] and [[Relief Wells|relief wells]]."<ref name="NEH_CH5">[[National Engineering Handbook: Chapter 5 - Engineering Geology Logging, Sampling, and Testing | National Engineering Handbook: Chapter 5 - Engineering Geology Logging, Sampling, and Testing, NRCS, 2012]]</ref> | *"install [[piezometers]] and [[Relief Wells|relief wells]]."<ref name="NEH_CH5">[[National Engineering Handbook: Chapter 5 - Engineering Geology Logging, Sampling, and Testing | National Engineering Handbook: Chapter 5 - Engineering Geology Logging, Sampling, and Testing, NRCS, 2012]]</ref> | ||
"Disturbed samples are commonly obtained through the Standard Penetration Test, using a split-spoon sampler. Undisturbed samples are obtained by pushing or [[coring]] a tube into in situ soil materials. The most common undisturbed sampling method is the hydraulic pushing of a Shelby tube, which is referred to as a 'push-tube sample'."<ref name="NEH_CH5" /> | "Disturbed samples are commonly obtained through the Standard Penetration Test (SPT), using a split-spoon sampler. Undisturbed samples are obtained by pushing or [[coring]] a tube into in situ soil materials. The most common undisturbed sampling method is the hydraulic pushing of a Shelby tube, which is referred to as a 'push-tube sample'."<ref name="NEH_CH5" /> | ||
"Test holes may be augered by hand, or through powered [[drill]] rigs that are mounted on trucks mounted rig, all-terrain rig, all-terrain vehicles, tracks, or on a barge. Selection of drilling methods depends on: | "Test holes may be augered by hand, or through powered [[drill]] rigs that are mounted on trucks mounted rig, all-terrain rig, all-terrain vehicles, tracks, or on a barge. Selection of drilling methods depends on: | ||
*access (terrain roughness, space, and height limitations) and noise ordinance; | *"access (terrain roughness, space, and height limitations) and noise ordinance; | ||
*types of tests or samples needed for the investigation and design needs; | *"types of tests or samples needed for the investigation and design needs; | ||
*disposal of drilling fluids and cuttings (contaminated cuttings and [[groundwater]] may have to be handled as hazardous waste), lithology (soil type such as sand, clay, and boulders). rock type, and aquifer characteristics (depth to water)."<ref name="NEH_CH5" /> | *"disposal of drilling fluids and cuttings (contaminated cuttings and [[groundwater]] may have to be handled as hazardous waste), lithology (soil type such as sand, clay, and boulders). rock type, and aquifer characteristics (depth to water)."<ref name="NEH_CH5" /> | ||
==Drilling Methods== | ==Drilling Methods== | ||
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==<noautolinks>Best Practices Resources</noautolinks>== | ==<noautolinks>Best Practices Resources</noautolinks>== | ||
{{Document Icon}} [[National Engineering Handbook: Chapter 5 - Engineering Geology Logging, Sampling, and Testing | National Engineering Handbook: Chapter 5 - Engineering Geology Logging, Sampling, and Testing | {{Document Icon}} [[Technical Release 210-60: Earth Dams and Reservoirs | Technical Release 210-60: Earth Dams and Reservoirs, NRCS, 2019]] | ||
{{Document Icon}} [[National Engineering Handbook: Chapter 2 - Engineering Geologic Investigations | National Engineering Handbook Chapter 2 - Engineering Geologic Investigations | {{Document Icon}} [[Drilling in Earth Embankment Dams and Levees (EM 1110-1-1807) | Drilling in Earth Embankment Dams and Levees (EM 1110-1-1807), USACE, 2014]] | ||
{{Document Icon}} [[Design of Small Dams | Design of Small Dams | {{Document Icon}} [[National Engineering Handbook: Chapter 5 - Engineering Geology Logging, Sampling, and Testing | National Engineering Handbook: Chapter 5 - Engineering Geology Logging, Sampling, and Testing, NRCS, 2012]] | ||
{{Document Icon}} [[National Engineering Handbook: Chapter 2 - Engineering Geologic Investigations | National Engineering Handbook Chapter 2 - Engineering Geologic Investigations, NRCS, 2012]] | |||
{{Document Icon}} [[Design of Small Dams | Design of Small Dams, USBR, 1987]] | |||
==Trainings== | ==Trainings== | ||
Revision as of 22:48, 19 December 2022
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| Drill Rig |
"Test holes are drilled to obtain representative disturbed and undisturbed samples to:
- "advance and clean holes to specific horizons for logging, sampling, and conducting tests;
- "advance holes to bedrock to delineate rock surface;
- "install piezometers and relief wells."[1]
"Disturbed samples are commonly obtained through the Standard Penetration Test (SPT), using a split-spoon sampler. Undisturbed samples are obtained by pushing or coring a tube into in situ soil materials. The most common undisturbed sampling method is the hydraulic pushing of a Shelby tube, which is referred to as a 'push-tube sample'."[1]
"Test holes may be augered by hand, or through powered drill rigs that are mounted on trucks mounted rig, all-terrain rig, all-terrain vehicles, tracks, or on a barge. Selection of drilling methods depends on:
- "access (terrain roughness, space, and height limitations) and noise ordinance;
- "types of tests or samples needed for the investigation and design needs;
- "disposal of drilling fluids and cuttings (contaminated cuttings and groundwater may have to be handled as hazardous waste), lithology (soil type such as sand, clay, and boulders). rock type, and aquifer characteristics (depth to water)."[1]
Drilling Methods
- Hand-Auger Borings
- Power-Auger Borings
- Wash Borings
- Continuous Drive Sampling
- Rotary Drilling
- ODEX Casing Advancement System
- Sonic (Vibratory) Drilling
Best Practices Resources
Technical Release 210-60: Earth Dams and Reservoirs, NRCS, 2019
Drilling in Earth Embankment Dams and Levees (EM 1110-1-1807), USACE, 2014
National Engineering Handbook Chapter 2 - Engineering Geologic Investigations, NRCS, 2012
Design of Small Dams, USBR, 1987
Trainings
On-Demand Webinar: Drilling Plans and Hazard Evaluations for Dams and Levees
On-Demand Webinar: The Practical Use of Geophysics to Assess Dam and Levee Safety
Citations:
Revision ID: 6059
Revision Date: 12/19/2022