ASDSO Dam Safety Toolbox

Legal Responsibilities (Public Safety): Difference between revisions

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<noautolinks>Several steps have been identified for dam owners to pursue to reduce the hazard and liability of dam ownership and to proceed with the ‘actions of a reasonable person' that is the legal litmus and precedent. Here is a list of common, but not comprehensive, steps:
"According to the Federal Guidelines for Dam Safety published by FEMA in April of 2004, [[Public Safety|public safety]] around dams is a top priority for dam owners and regulators. The guidelines read "[[Public Safety|public safety]] is of paramount importance at all dams and [[reservoirs]]. Specifically, [[Public Safety|public safety]] on the reservoir, in areas adjacent to the reservoir, and below the dam should be considered, particularly in recreational areas. Safety measures should include identification of high watermarks to indicate past or probable reservoir levels and [[streamflows]], posting of safety instructions at highly visible and key locations, and providing audible safety warnings upstream of and below outlets as appropriate."<noautolinks><ref name="ASDSO">Public Safety At Dams (damsafety.org), ASDSO, 2022</ref></noautolinks>
#Identify, inventory, and recognize all low head dams in their portfolio and jurisdiction
 
#Identify all potential co-owners, partners, stakeholders, funding sources, and authorities
"Because dam owners bear the responsibility of upkeep, they are also primarily responsible when dams fail and cause [[environmental]], economic, and personal damage. Furthermore, when a non-failure incident (such as a drowning or injury) occurs at a dam, victims and families have increasingly turned to the courts to sue dam owners for negligence. Recent developments in case law and litigation have underscored the need for dam owners, operators, and other professionals to be vigilant and proactive in efforts to secure the safety of the area around their properties. Cases such as Marston v. General Electric (2014), Suchy v. City of Geneva (2014), and Volpe v. City of Lexington (2011) have set precedent for determining liability due to negligence or inactivity regarding the establishment and maintenance of enhanced safety precautions at and around dams. Even in cases that were dismissed or determined in favor of the dam operator, the legal action can be time consuming and expensive. Because of the risks and legal liabilities involved with dam management, it is of absolute importance that owners and operators appropriately address risk and potential hazards at and around their dams." <ref name="ASDSO"/>
#Contact State and Federal Dam Safety authorities for help in dam inventory, ownership, and use quantification and hazard assessment
 
#Identify existing programs for mitigation and public education assistance with local and national emergency response agencies, police and fire departments, and wildlife and boating organizations
<noautolinks>==Best Practices Resources==</noautolinks>
#Promote a public education campaign using social media, web pages, signs, pamphlets, interpretive displays, public service announcements and warnings, newspapers, and magazines
{{Document Icon}} [[Federal Guidelines for Dam Safety (FEMA P-93) | Federal Guidelines for Dam Safety (FEMA P-93), FEMA]]
#Develop non-structural mitigation strategies such as signage, fences, log booms, or barriers creating portages and exclusion zones
#With your engineer, quantify the flow ranges when these low head dams are most hazardous using models and simulations
#Develop structural mitigation solutions or removal options for the low head dams and funding sources <ref name="ASDSO">Fact Sheet: Public Safety At Dams For Dam Owners, ASDSO, 2022</ref> </noautolinks>


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Latest revision as of 20:14, 11 July 2023


"According to the Federal Guidelines for Dam Safety published by FEMA in April of 2004, public safety around dams is a top priority for dam owners and regulators. The guidelines read "public safety is of paramount importance at all dams and reservoirs. Specifically, public safety on the reservoir, in areas adjacent to the reservoir, and below the dam should be considered, particularly in recreational areas. Safety measures should include identification of high watermarks to indicate past or probable reservoir levels and streamflows, posting of safety instructions at highly visible and key locations, and providing audible safety warnings upstream of and below outlets as appropriate."[1]

"Because dam owners bear the responsibility of upkeep, they are also primarily responsible when dams fail and cause environmental, economic, and personal damage. Furthermore, when a non-failure incident (such as a drowning or injury) occurs at a dam, victims and families have increasingly turned to the courts to sue dam owners for negligence. Recent developments in case law and litigation have underscored the need for dam owners, operators, and other professionals to be vigilant and proactive in efforts to secure the safety of the area around their properties. Cases such as Marston v. General Electric (2014), Suchy v. City of Geneva (2014), and Volpe v. City of Lexington (2011) have set precedent for determining liability due to negligence or inactivity regarding the establishment and maintenance of enhanced safety precautions at and around dams. Even in cases that were dismissed or determined in favor of the dam operator, the legal action can be time consuming and expensive. Because of the risks and legal liabilities involved with dam management, it is of absolute importance that owners and operators appropriately address risk and potential hazards at and around their dams." [1]

Best Practices Resources

Federal Guidelines for Dam Safety (FEMA P-93), FEMA


Citations:

  1. 1.0 1.1 Public Safety At Dams (damsafety.org), ASDSO, 2022


Revision ID: 7151
Revision Date: 07/11/2023