Relief Wells - Revision history

Mpollei@gfnet.com at 15:51, 18 July 2023

2023-07-18T15:51:44Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 15:51, 18 July 2023
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	<!-- Add picture caption -->		<!-- Add picture caption -->
	\|caption= "Figure 7-9. Relief well seepage outflow. Although relief wells are not typically installed for the primary purpose of seepage water monitoring, their outflow can be collected, measured, and evaluated similar to open piezometers or observation wells."<ref name="FEMAP1032" />		\|caption= "Figure 7-9. Relief well seepage outflow. Although relief wells are not typically installed for the primary purpose of seepage water monitoring, their outflow can be collected, measured, and evaluated similar to open piezometers or observation wells."<ref name="FEMAP1032" />
			(Image Source: [https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Diamond_Valley_Lake#/media/File:DVL-Westdam.JPG FEMA])
	}}		}}

Mpollei@gfnet.com at 23:04, 10 July 2023

2023-07-10T23:04:24Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 23:04, 10 July 2023
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	==Best Practices Resources==		==Best Practices Resources==
	{{Document Icon}} [[Evaluation and Monitoring of Seepage and Internal Erosion (FEMA P-1032) \| Evaluation and Monitoring of Seepage and Internal Erosion (FEMA P-1032), FEMA~~, 2015~~]]		{{Document Icon}} [[Evaluation and Monitoring of Seepage and Internal Erosion (FEMA P-1032) \| Evaluation and Monitoring of Seepage and Internal Erosion (FEMA P-1032), FEMA]]
	{{Document Icon}} [[Instrumentation of Embankment Dams and Levees (EM 1110-2-1908) \| Instrumentation of Embankment Dams and Levees (EM 1110-2-1908), USACE~~, 2020~~]]		{{Document Icon}} [[Instrumentation of Embankment Dams and Levees (EM 1110-2-1908) \| Instrumentation of Embankment Dams and Levees (EM 1110-2-1908), USACE]]

	==Trainings==		==Trainings==

Rmanwaring at 23:26, 19 December 2022

2022-12-19T23:26:27Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 23:26, 19 December 2022
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	"All water retention structures are subject to seepage through their foundations and abutments. In many cases the seepage may result in excess hydrostatic pressures or uplift pressures beneath elements of the structure or landward strata. Relief wells are often installed to relieve these pressures which might otherwise endanger the safety of the structure. Relief wells, in essence, are nothing more than controlled artificial springs that reduce pressures to safe values and prevent the removal of soil via piping or internal erosion. The proper design, installation, and maintenance of relief wells are essential elements in assuring their effectiveness and the integrity of the protected structure."<ref name="EM 1110-2-1914">[[Design, Construction, and Maintenance of Relief Wells (EM 1110-2-1914) \| Design, Construction, and Maintenance of Relief Wells (EM 1110-2-1914), USACE, 1992]]</ref>		"All water retention structures are subject to seepage through their foundations and abutments. In many cases the seepage may result in excess hydrostatic pressures or uplift pressures beneath elements of the structure or landward strata. Relief wells are often installed to relieve these pressures which might otherwise endanger the safety of the structure. Relief wells, in essence, are nothing more than controlled artificial springs that reduce pressures to safe values and prevent the removal of soil via piping or internal erosion. The proper design, installation, and maintenance of relief wells are essential elements in assuring their effectiveness and the integrity of the protected structure."<ref name="EM 1110-2-1914">[[Design, Construction, and Maintenance of Relief Wells (EM 1110-2-1914) \| Design, Construction, and Maintenance of Relief Wells (EM 1110-2-1914), USACE, 1992]]</ref>

	“Relief wells are typically vertical drains placed to relieve uplift pressure at the downstream toe of an embankment. [[Piezometers]] are typically located equidistant between two wells. Under maximum hydraulic load, the piezometric level at the downstream toe of an embankment should be lower than the ground surface”.<ref name="EM 1110-2-1908">[[Instrumentation of Embankment Dams and Levees (EM 1110-2-1908) \| EM 1110-2-1908 ~~Instrumentation of Embankment Dams and Levees~~, USACE, 2020]]</ref>		“Relief wells are typically vertical drains placed to relieve uplift pressure at the downstream toe of an embankment. [[Piezometers]] are typically located equidistant between two wells. Under maximum hydraulic load, the piezometric level at the downstream toe of an embankment should be lower than the ground surface”.<ref name="EM 1110-2-1908">[[Instrumentation of Embankment Dams and Levees (EM 1110-2-1908) \| Instrumentation of Embankment Dams and Levees (EM 1110-2-1908), USACE, 2020]]</ref>

	"Relief wells also function as observation wells, but their primary purpose is to reduce the hydraulic head at selected locations along the seepage flow path... Relief wells for dams have specific problems associated with the plugging of the filter packs or the accumulation of bacteria or carbonates (USACE, 1995). It is often necessary to install piezometers adjacent to relief wells to measure and monitor the pressure increases associated with clogged wells. Relief wells typically require regular maintenance for long-term proper functioning, including re-development, chemical treatments, and disinfection."<ref name="FEMAP1032">[[Evaluation and Monitoring of Seepage and Internal Erosion (FEMA P-1032) \| Evaluation and Monitoring of Seepage and Internal Erosion (FEMA P-1032), FEMA, 2015]]</ref>		"Relief wells also function as observation wells, but their primary purpose is to reduce the hydraulic head at selected locations along the seepage flow path... Relief wells for dams have specific problems associated with the plugging of the filter packs or the accumulation of bacteria or carbonates (USACE, 1995). It is often necessary to install piezometers adjacent to relief wells to measure and monitor the pressure increases associated with clogged wells. Relief wells typically require regular maintenance for long-term proper functioning, including re-development, chemical treatments, and disinfection."<ref name="FEMAP1032">[[Evaluation and Monitoring of Seepage and Internal Erosion (FEMA P-1032) \| Evaluation and Monitoring of Seepage and Internal Erosion (FEMA P-1032), FEMA, 2015]]</ref>

Rmanwaring at 23:25, 19 December 2022

2022-12-19T23:25:51Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 23:25, 19 December 2022
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	<!-- Introductory paragraph or topic page summary -->		<!-- Introductory paragraph or topic page summary -->
	"All water retention structures are subject to seepage through their foundations and abutments. In many cases the seepage may result in excess hydrostatic pressures or uplift pressures beneath elements of the structure or landward strata. Relief wells are often installed to relieve these pressures which might otherwise endanger the safety of the structure. Relief wells, in essence, are nothing more than controlled artificial springs that reduce pressures to safe values and prevent the removal of soil via piping or internal erosion. The proper design, installation, and maintenance of relief wells are essential elements in assuring their effectiveness and the integrity of the protected structure."<ref name="EM 1110-2-1914">[[Design, Construction, and Maintenance of Relief Wells (EM 1110-2-1914) \| Design, Construction, and Maintenance of Relief Wells (EM 1110-2-1914) (USACE, 1992)]]</ref>		"All water retention structures are subject to seepage through their foundations and abutments. In many cases the seepage may result in excess hydrostatic pressures or uplift pressures beneath elements of the structure or landward strata. Relief wells are often installed to relieve these pressures which might otherwise endanger the safety of the structure. Relief wells, in essence, are nothing more than controlled artificial springs that reduce pressures to safe values and prevent the removal of soil via piping or internal erosion. The proper design, installation, and maintenance of relief wells are essential elements in assuring their effectiveness and the integrity of the protected structure."<ref name="EM 1110-2-1914">[[Design, Construction, and Maintenance of Relief Wells (EM 1110-2-1914) \| Design, Construction, and Maintenance of Relief Wells (EM 1110-2-1914), USACE, 1992]]</ref>

	“Relief wells are typically vertical drains placed to relieve uplift pressure at the downstream toe of an embankment. [[Piezometers]] are typically located equidistant between two wells. Under maximum hydraulic load, the piezometric level at the downstream toe of an embankment should be lower than the ground surface”.<ref name="EM 1110-2-1908">[[Instrumentation of Embankment Dams and Levees (EM 1110-2-1908) \| EM 1110-2-1908 Instrumentation of Embankment Dams and Levees, USACE, 2020]]</ref>		“Relief wells are typically vertical drains placed to relieve uplift pressure at the downstream toe of an embankment. [[Piezometers]] are typically located equidistant between two wells. Under maximum hydraulic load, the piezometric level at the downstream toe of an embankment should be lower than the ground surface”.<ref name="EM 1110-2-1908">[[Instrumentation of Embankment Dams and Levees (EM 1110-2-1908) \| EM 1110-2-1908 Instrumentation of Embankment Dams and Levees, USACE, 2020]]</ref>

	"Relief wells also function as observation wells, but their primary purpose is to reduce the hydraulic head at selected locations along the seepage flow path... Relief wells for dams have specific problems associated with the plugging of the filter packs or the accumulation of bacteria or carbonates (USACE 1995). It is often necessary to install piezometers adjacent to relief wells to measure and monitor the pressure increases associated with clogged wells. Relief wells typically require regular maintenance for long-term proper functioning, including re-development, chemical treatments, and disinfection."<ref name="FEMAP1032">[[Evaluation and Monitoring of Seepage and Internal Erosion (FEMA P-1032) \| Evaluation and Monitoring of Seepage and Internal Erosion (FEMA P-1032) (FEMA, 2015)]]</ref>		"Relief wells also function as observation wells, but their primary purpose is to reduce the hydraulic head at selected locations along the seepage flow path... Relief wells for dams have specific problems associated with the plugging of the filter packs or the accumulation of bacteria or carbonates (USACE, 1995). It is often necessary to install piezometers adjacent to relief wells to measure and monitor the pressure increases associated with clogged wells. Relief wells typically require regular maintenance for long-term proper functioning, including re-development, chemical treatments, and disinfection."<ref name="FEMAP1032">[[Evaluation and Monitoring of Seepage and Internal Erosion (FEMA P-1032) \| Evaluation and Monitoring of Seepage and Internal Erosion (FEMA P-1032), FEMA, 2015]]</ref>

	==Best Practices Resources==		==Best Practices Resources==
	{{Document Icon}} [[Evaluation and Monitoring of Seepage and Internal Erosion (FEMA P-1032) \| Evaluation and Monitoring of Seepage and Internal Erosion (FEMA P-1032) (FEMA, 2015)]]		{{Document Icon}} [[Evaluation and Monitoring of Seepage and Internal Erosion (FEMA P-1032) \| Evaluation and Monitoring of Seepage and Internal Erosion (FEMA P-1032), FEMA, 2015]]
	{{Document Icon}} [[Instrumentation of Embankment Dams and Levees (EM 1110-2-1908) \| Instrumentation of Embankment Dams and Levees (EM 1110-2-1908) (USACE, 2020)]]		{{Document Icon}} [[Instrumentation of Embankment Dams and Levees (EM 1110-2-1908) \| Instrumentation of Embankment Dams and Levees (EM 1110-2-1908), USACE, 2020]]

	==Trainings==		==Trainings==

Grichards at 05:25, 14 December 2022

2022-12-14T05:25:46Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 05:25, 14 December 2022
Line 13:		Line 13:

	<!-- Introductory paragraph or topic page summary -->		<!-- Introductory paragraph or topic page summary -->
			"All water retention structures are subject to seepage through their foundations and abutments. In many cases the seepage may result in excess hydrostatic pressures or uplift pressures beneath elements of the structure or landward strata. Relief wells are often installed to relieve these pressures which might otherwise endanger the safety of the structure. Relief wells, in essence, are nothing more than controlled artificial springs that reduce pressures to safe values and prevent the removal of soil via piping or internal erosion. The proper design, installation, and maintenance of relief wells are essential elements in assuring their effectiveness and the integrity of the protected structure."<ref name="EM 1110-2-1914">[[Design, Construction, and Maintenance of Relief Wells (EM 1110-2-1914) \| Design, Construction, and Maintenance of Relief Wells (EM 1110-2-1914) (USACE, 1992)]]</ref>

	“Relief wells are typically vertical drains placed to relieve uplift pressure at the downstream toe of an embankment. [[Piezometers]] are typically located equidistant between two wells. Under maximum hydraulic load, the piezometric level at the downstream toe of an embankment should be lower than the ground surface”.<ref name="EM 1110-2-1908">[[Instrumentation of Embankment Dams and Levees (EM 1110-2-1908) \| EM 1110-2-1908 Instrumentation of Embankment Dams and Levees, USACE, 2020]]</ref>		“Relief wells are typically vertical drains placed to relieve uplift pressure at the downstream toe of an embankment. [[Piezometers]] are typically located equidistant between two wells. Under maximum hydraulic load, the piezometric level at the downstream toe of an embankment should be lower than the ground surface”.<ref name="EM 1110-2-1908">[[Instrumentation of Embankment Dams and Levees (EM 1110-2-1908) \| EM 1110-2-1908 Instrumentation of Embankment Dams and Levees, USACE, 2020]]</ref>

	"All water retention structures are subject to seepage through their foundations and abutments. In many cases the seepage may result in excess hydrostatic pressures or uplift pressures beneath elements of the structure or landward strata. Relief wells are often installed to relieve these pressures which might otherwise endanger the safety of the structure. Relief wells, in essence, are nothing more than controlled artificial springs that reduce pressures to safe values and prevent the removal of soil via piping or internal erosion. The proper design, installation, and maintenance of relief wells are essential elements in assuring their effectiveness and the integrity of the protected structure."<ref name="EM 1110-2-1914">[[Design, Construction, and Maintenance of Relief Wells (EM 1110-2-1914) \| Design, Construction, and Maintenance of Relief Wells (EM 1110-2-1914) (USACE, 1992)]]</ref>

	"Relief wells also function as observation wells, but their primary purpose is to reduce the hydraulic head at selected locations along the seepage flow path... Relief wells for dams have specific problems associated with the plugging of the filter packs or the accumulation of bacteria or carbonates (USACE 1995). It is often necessary to install piezometers adjacent to relief wells to measure and monitor the pressure increases associated with clogged wells. Relief wells typically require regular maintenance for long-term proper functioning, including re-development, chemical treatments, and disinfection."<ref name="FEMAP1032">[[Evaluation and Monitoring of Seepage and Internal Erosion (FEMA P-1032) \| Evaluation and Monitoring of Seepage and Internal Erosion (FEMA P-1032) (FEMA, 2015)]]</ref>		"Relief wells also function as observation wells, but their primary purpose is to reduce the hydraulic head at selected locations along the seepage flow path... Relief wells for dams have specific problems associated with the plugging of the filter packs or the accumulation of bacteria or carbonates (USACE 1995). It is often necessary to install piezometers adjacent to relief wells to measure and monitor the pressure increases associated with clogged wells. Relief wells typically require regular maintenance for long-term proper functioning, including re-development, chemical treatments, and disinfection."<ref name="FEMAP1032">[[Evaluation and Monitoring of Seepage and Internal Erosion (FEMA P-1032) \| Evaluation and Monitoring of Seepage and Internal Erosion (FEMA P-1032) (FEMA, 2015)]]</ref>

Grichards at 00:15, 6 December 2022

2022-12-06T00:15:49Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 00:15, 6 December 2022
Line 23:		Line 23:
	{{Document Icon}} [[Instrumentation of Embankment Dams and Levees (EM 1110-2-1908) \| Instrumentation of Embankment Dams and Levees (EM 1110-2-1908) (USACE, 2020)]]		{{Document Icon}} [[Instrumentation of Embankment Dams and Levees (EM 1110-2-1908) \| Instrumentation of Embankment Dams and Levees (EM 1110-2-1908) (USACE, 2020)]]

	==[[Trainings]]==		==Trainings==
	{{Video Icon}} [[On-Demand Webinar: Evaluation and Maintenance of Piezometers, Relief Wells, and Drains in Dams and Levees]]		{{Video Icon}} [[On-Demand Webinar: Evaluation and Maintenance of Piezometers, Relief Wells, and Drains in Dams and Levees]]

Grichards at 00:15, 6 December 2022

2022-12-06T00:15:20Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 00:15, 6 December 2022
Line 19:		Line 19:
	"Relief wells also function as observation wells, but their primary purpose is to reduce the hydraulic head at selected locations along the seepage flow path... Relief wells for dams have specific problems associated with the plugging of the filter packs or the accumulation of bacteria or carbonates (USACE 1995). It is often necessary to install piezometers adjacent to relief wells to measure and monitor the pressure increases associated with clogged wells. Relief wells typically require regular maintenance for long-term proper functioning, including re-development, chemical treatments, and disinfection."<ref name="FEMAP1032">[[Evaluation and Monitoring of Seepage and Internal Erosion (FEMA P-1032) \| Evaluation and Monitoring of Seepage and Internal Erosion (FEMA P-1032) (FEMA, 2015)]]</ref>		"Relief wells also function as observation wells, but their primary purpose is to reduce the hydraulic head at selected locations along the seepage flow path... Relief wells for dams have specific problems associated with the plugging of the filter packs or the accumulation of bacteria or carbonates (USACE 1995). It is often necessary to install piezometers adjacent to relief wells to measure and monitor the pressure increases associated with clogged wells. Relief wells typically require regular maintenance for long-term proper functioning, including re-development, chemical treatments, and disinfection."<ref name="FEMAP1032">[[Evaluation and Monitoring of Seepage and Internal Erosion (FEMA P-1032) \| Evaluation and Monitoring of Seepage and Internal Erosion (FEMA P-1032) (FEMA, 2015)]]</ref>

	==[[Best Practices Resources]]==		==Best Practices Resources==
	{{Document Icon}} [[Evaluation and Monitoring of Seepage and Internal Erosion (FEMA P-1032) \| Evaluation and Monitoring of Seepage and Internal Erosion (FEMA P-1032) (FEMA, 2015)]]		{{Document Icon}} [[Evaluation and Monitoring of Seepage and Internal Erosion (FEMA P-1032) \| Evaluation and Monitoring of Seepage and Internal Erosion (FEMA P-1032) (FEMA, 2015)]]
	{{Document Icon}} [[Instrumentation of Embankment Dams and Levees (EM 1110-2-1908) \| Instrumentation of Embankment Dams and Levees (EM 1110-2-1908) (USACE, 2020)]]		{{Document Icon}} [[Instrumentation of Embankment Dams and Levees (EM 1110-2-1908) \| Instrumentation of Embankment Dams and Levees (EM 1110-2-1908) (USACE, 2020)]]

Grichards at 00:13, 6 December 2022

2022-12-06T00:13:59Z

← Older revision	Revision as of 00:13, 6 December 2022
(No difference)

Grichards at 23:48, 5 December 2022

2022-12-05T23:48:22Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 23:48, 5 December 2022
Line 13:		Line 13:

	<!-- Introductory paragraph or topic page summary -->		<!-- Introductory paragraph or topic page summary -->
	~~“[[Relief Wells\|Relief~~ wells]] are typically vertical drains placed to relieve uplift pressure at the downstream toe of an embankment. [[Piezometers]] are typically located equidistant between two wells. Under maximum hydraulic load, the piezometric level at the downstream toe of an embankment should be lower than the ground surface”.<ref name="EM 1110-2-1908">[[Instrumentation of Embankment Dams and Levees (EM 1110-2-1908) \| EM 1110-2-1908 Instrumentation of Embankment Dams and Levees, USACE, 2020]]</ref>		“Relief wells are typically vertical drains placed to relieve uplift pressure at the downstream toe of an embankment. [[Piezometers]] are typically located equidistant between two wells. Under maximum hydraulic load, the piezometric level at the downstream toe of an embankment should be lower than the ground surface”.<ref name="EM 1110-2-1908">[[Instrumentation of Embankment Dams and Levees (EM 1110-2-1908) \| EM 1110-2-1908 Instrumentation of Embankment Dams and Levees, USACE, 2020]]</ref>

	"All water retention structures are subject to seepage through their foundations and abutments. In many cases the seepage may result in excess hydrostatic pressures or uplift pressures beneath elements of the structure or landward strata. Relief wells are often installed to relieve these pressures which might otherwise endanger the safety of the structure. Relief wells, in essence, are nothing more than controlled artificial springs that reduce pressures to safe values and prevent the removal of soil via piping or internal erosion. The proper design, installation, and maintenance of relief wells are essential elements in assuring their effectiveness and the integrity of the protected structure."<ref name="EM 1110-2-1914">[[Design, Construction, and Maintenance of Relief Wells (EM 1110-2-1914) \| Design, Construction, and Maintenance of Relief Wells (EM 1110-2-1914) (USACE, 1992)]]</ref>		"All water retention structures are subject to seepage through their foundations and abutments. In many cases the seepage may result in excess hydrostatic pressures or uplift pressures beneath elements of the structure or landward strata. Relief wells are often installed to relieve these pressures which might otherwise endanger the safety of the structure. Relief wells, in essence, are nothing more than controlled artificial springs that reduce pressures to safe values and prevent the removal of soil via piping or internal erosion. The proper design, installation, and maintenance of relief wells are essential elements in assuring their effectiveness and the integrity of the protected structure."<ref name="EM 1110-2-1914">[[Design, Construction, and Maintenance of Relief Wells (EM 1110-2-1914) \| Design, Construction, and Maintenance of Relief Wells (EM 1110-2-1914) (USACE, 1992)]]</ref>

Grichards: Grichards moved page Relief wells to Relief Wells without leaving a redirect

2022-12-05T23:48:02Z

Grichards moved page Relief wells to Relief Wells without leaving a redirect

← Older revision	Revision as of 23:48, 5 December 2022
(No difference)

← Older revision		Revision as of 23:26, 19 December 2022
Line 15:		Line 15:
	"All water retention structures are subject to seepage through their foundations and abutments. In many cases the seepage may result in excess hydrostatic pressures or uplift pressures beneath elements of the structure or landward strata. Relief wells are often installed to relieve these pressures which might otherwise endanger the safety of the structure. Relief wells, in essence, are nothing more than controlled artificial springs that reduce pressures to safe values and prevent the removal of soil via piping or internal erosion. The proper design, installation, and maintenance of relief wells are essential elements in assuring their effectiveness and the integrity of the protected structure."<ref name="EM 1110-2-1914">[[Design, Construction, and Maintenance of Relief Wells (EM 1110-2-1914) \| Design, Construction, and Maintenance of Relief Wells (EM 1110-2-1914), USACE, 1992]]</ref>		"All water retention structures are subject to seepage through their foundations and abutments. In many cases the seepage may result in excess hydrostatic pressures or uplift pressures beneath elements of the structure or landward strata. Relief wells are often installed to relieve these pressures which might otherwise endanger the safety of the structure. Relief wells, in essence, are nothing more than controlled artificial springs that reduce pressures to safe values and prevent the removal of soil via piping or internal erosion. The proper design, installation, and maintenance of relief wells are essential elements in assuring their effectiveness and the integrity of the protected structure."<ref name="EM 1110-2-1914">[[Design, Construction, and Maintenance of Relief Wells (EM 1110-2-1914) \| Design, Construction, and Maintenance of Relief Wells (EM 1110-2-1914), USACE, 1992]]</ref>

	“Relief wells are typically vertical drains placed to relieve uplift pressure at the downstream toe of an embankment. [[Piezometers]] are typically located equidistant between two wells. Under maximum hydraulic load, the piezometric level at the downstream toe of an embankment should be lower than the ground surface”.<ref name="EM 1110-2-1908">[[Instrumentation of Embankment Dams and Levees (EM 1110-2-1908) \| EM 1110-2-1908 ~~Instrumentation of Embankment Dams and Levees~~, USACE, 2020]]</ref>		“Relief wells are typically vertical drains placed to relieve uplift pressure at the downstream toe of an embankment. [[Piezometers]] are typically located equidistant between two wells. Under maximum hydraulic load, the piezometric level at the downstream toe of an embankment should be lower than the ground surface”.<ref name="EM 1110-2-1908">[[Instrumentation of Embankment Dams and Levees (EM 1110-2-1908) \| Instrumentation of Embankment Dams and Levees (EM 1110-2-1908), USACE, 2020]]</ref>

	"Relief wells also function as observation wells, but their primary purpose is to reduce the hydraulic head at selected locations along the seepage flow path... Relief wells for dams have specific problems associated with the plugging of the filter packs or the accumulation of bacteria or carbonates (USACE, 1995). It is often necessary to install piezometers adjacent to relief wells to measure and monitor the pressure increases associated with clogged wells. Relief wells typically require regular maintenance for long-term proper functioning, including re-development, chemical treatments, and disinfection."<ref name="FEMAP1032">[[Evaluation and Monitoring of Seepage and Internal Erosion (FEMA P-1032) \| Evaluation and Monitoring of Seepage and Internal Erosion (FEMA P-1032), FEMA, 2015]]</ref>		"Relief wells also function as observation wells, but their primary purpose is to reduce the hydraulic head at selected locations along the seepage flow path... Relief wells for dams have specific problems associated with the plugging of the filter packs or the accumulation of bacteria or carbonates (USACE, 1995). It is often necessary to install piezometers adjacent to relief wells to measure and monitor the pressure increases associated with clogged wells. Relief wells typically require regular maintenance for long-term proper functioning, including re-development, chemical treatments, and disinfection."<ref name="FEMAP1032">[[Evaluation and Monitoring of Seepage and Internal Erosion (FEMA P-1032) \| Evaluation and Monitoring of Seepage and Internal Erosion (FEMA P-1032), FEMA, 2015]]</ref>