First Filling and Monitoring - Revision history

Grichards@gfnet.com at 20:36, 31 October 2025

2025-10-31T20:36:52Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 20:36, 31 October 2025
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	==Best Practices Resources==		==Best Practices Resources==
			{{Document Icon}} [[Design Standards No. 14: Appurtenant Structures for Dams (Ch. 4: General Outlet Works Design Considerations) \| Design Standards No. 14: Appurtenant Structures for Dams (Ch. 4: General Outlet Works Design Considerations, Appendix C: First Filling Guidelines), USBR]]
	{{Document Icon}} [[Design Standards No. 13: Embankment Dams (Ch. 2: Embankment Design) \| Design Standards No. 13: Embankment Dams (Ch. 2: Embankment Design), USBR]]		{{Document Icon}} [[Design Standards No. 13: Embankment Dams (Ch. 2: Embankment Design) \| Design Standards No. 13: Embankment Dams (Ch. 2: Embankment Design), USBR]]
	{{Document Icon}} [[Design Standards No. 13: Embankment Dams (Ch. 4: Static Stability Analysis) \| Design Standards No. 13: Embankment Dams (Ch. 4: Static Stability Analysis), USBR]]		{{Document Icon}} [[Design Standards No. 13: Embankment Dams (Ch. 4: Static Stability Analysis) \| Design Standards No. 13: Embankment Dams (Ch. 4: Static Stability Analysis), USBR]]

Mpollei@gfnet.com at 16:11, 21 July 2023

2023-07-21T16:11:25Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 16:11, 21 July 2023
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	\|-		\|-
	\|style="text-align:center; font-size:90%;"\| Earth embankment dam.		\|style="text-align:center; font-size:90%;"\| Earth embankment dam.
			(Image Source: [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/O%27Neill_Dam Wikipedia])
	\|}		\|}
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Mpollei@gfnet.com at 22:06, 11 July 2023

2023-07-11T22:06:01Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 22:06, 11 July 2023
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	==Best Practices Resources==		==Best Practices Resources==
	{{Document Icon}} [[Design Standards No. 13: Embankment Dams (Ch. 2: Embankment Design) \| Design Standards No. 13: Embankment Dams (Ch. 2: Embankment Design), USBR~~, 2012~~]]		{{Document Icon}} [[Design Standards No. 13: Embankment Dams (Ch. 2: Embankment Design) \| Design Standards No. 13: Embankment Dams (Ch. 2: Embankment Design), USBR]]
	{{Document Icon}} [[Design Standards No. 13: Embankment Dams (Ch. 4: Static Stability Analysis) \| Design Standards No. 13: Embankment Dams (Ch. 4: Static Stability Analysis), USBR~~, 2011~~]]		{{Document Icon}} [[Design Standards No. 13: Embankment Dams (Ch. 4: Static Stability Analysis) \| Design Standards No. 13: Embankment Dams (Ch. 4: Static Stability Analysis), USBR]]
	{{Document Icon}} [[Federal Guidelines for Dam Safety (FEMA P-93) \| Federal Guidelines for Dam Safety (FEMA P-93), FEMA~~, 2004~~]]		{{Document Icon}} [[Federal Guidelines for Dam Safety (FEMA P-93) \| Federal Guidelines for Dam Safety (FEMA P-93), FEMA]]
	{{Document Icon}} [[Slope Stability (EM 1110-2-1902) \| Slope Stability (EM 1110-2-1902), USACE~~, 2003~~]]		{{Document Icon}} [[Slope Stability (EM 1110-2-1902) \| Slope Stability (EM 1110-2-1902), USACE]]
	{{Document Icon}} [[Design of Small Dams \| Design of Small Dams, USBR~~, 1987~~]]		{{Document Icon}} [[Design of Small Dams \| Design of Small Dams, USBR]]

	==Trainings==		==Trainings==

Grichards: Grichards moved page First Filling to First Filling and Monitoring without leaving a redirect

2023-03-17T21:10:54Z

Grichards moved page First Filling to First Filling and Monitoring without leaving a redirect

← Older revision	Revision as of 21:10, 17 March 2023
(No difference)

Grichards at 21:09, 17 March 2023

2023-03-17T21:09:18Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 21:09, 17 March 2023
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	----		----
	<!-- Introductory paragraph or topic page summary -->		<!-- Introductory paragraph or topic page summary -->
	The initial filling of a reservoir is the first test that the dam will perform the function for which it was designed. A carefully managed first filling is crucial to the future success of a dam. According to a study completed by the [[Bureau of Reclamation]] on internal erosion failure modes, “approximately two-thirds of all failures and one-half of all dam incidents occur on first filling or in the first 5 years of reservoir operation.”<ref name="IER"> Internal Erosion Risks. Best Practices in Dam and Levee Safety [[Risk Analysis]] Presentation Series, USBR, 2012</ref>		The initial filling of a reservoir is the first test that the dam will perform the function for which it was designed. A carefully managed first filling is crucial to the future success of a dam. According to a study completed by the [[Bureau of Reclamation]] on internal erosion failure modes, “approximately two-thirds of all failures and one-half of all dam incidents occur on first filling or in the first 5 years of reservoir operation.”<ref name="IER"> [[Internal Erosion Risks. Best Practices in Dam and Levee Safety Risk Analysis Presentation Series, USBR, 2012]]</ref>

	"An initial reservoir filling and surveillance plan should be prepared by the design staff. Initial filling should be well documented, including a record of reservoir elevations and controlled water releases during the filling. The record should include complete written justification and design approval of any deviations from the planned filling. The surveillance record should include all information obtained from inspection of the dam, appurtenant structures, abutments, and reservoir rim during the initial filling."<ref name="FGDS">[[Federal Guidelines for Dam Safety (FEMA P-93) \| Federal Guidelines for Dam Safety (FEMA P-93), FEMA, 2004]]</ref>		"An initial reservoir filling and surveillance plan should be prepared by the design staff. Initial filling should be well documented, including a record of reservoir elevations and controlled water releases during the filling. The record should include complete written justification and design approval of any deviations from the planned filling. The surveillance record should include all information obtained from inspection of the dam, appurtenant structures, abutments, and reservoir rim during the initial filling."<ref name="FGDS">[[Federal Guidelines for Dam Safety (FEMA P-93) \| Federal Guidelines for Dam Safety (FEMA P-93), FEMA, 2004]]</ref>

Grichards at 21:08, 17 March 2023

2023-03-17T21:08:23Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 21:08, 17 March 2023
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	----		----
	<!-- Introductory paragraph or topic page summary -->		<!-- Introductory paragraph or topic page summary -->
			The initial filling of a reservoir is the first test that the dam will perform the function for which it was designed. A carefully managed first filling is crucial to the future success of a dam. According to a study completed by the [[Bureau of Reclamation]] on internal erosion failure modes, “approximately two-thirds of all failures and one-half of all dam incidents occur on first filling or in the first 5 years of reservoir operation.”<ref name="IER"> Internal Erosion Risks. Best Practices in Dam and Levee Safety [[Risk Analysis]] Presentation Series, USBR, 2012</ref>

	"An initial reservoir filling and surveillance plan should be prepared by the design staff. Initial filling should be well documented, including a record of reservoir elevations and controlled water releases during the filling. The record should include complete written justification and design approval of any deviations from the planned filling. The surveillance record should include all information obtained from inspection of the dam, appurtenant structures, abutments, and reservoir rim during the initial filling."<ref name="FGDS">[[Federal Guidelines for Dam Safety (FEMA P-93) \| Federal Guidelines for Dam Safety (FEMA P-93), FEMA, 2004]]</ref>		"An initial reservoir filling and surveillance plan should be prepared by the design staff. Initial filling should be well documented, including a record of reservoir elevations and controlled water releases during the filling. The record should include complete written justification and design approval of any deviations from the planned filling. The surveillance record should include all information obtained from inspection of the dam, appurtenant structures, abutments, and reservoir rim during the initial filling."<ref name="FGDS">[[Federal Guidelines for Dam Safety (FEMA P-93) \| Federal Guidelines for Dam Safety (FEMA P-93), FEMA, 2004]]</ref>

Grichards at 22:31, 15 December 2022

2022-12-15T22:31:27Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 22:31, 15 December 2022
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	----		----
	<!-- Introductory paragraph or topic page summary -->		<!-- Introductory paragraph or topic page summary -->
	"An initial reservoir filling and surveillance plan should be prepared by the design staff. Initial filling should be well documented, including a record of reservoir elevations and controlled water releases during the filling. The record should include complete written justification and design approval of any deviations from the planned filling. The surveillance record should include all information obtained from inspection of the dam, appurtenant structures, abutments, and reservoir rim during the initial filling."<ref name="FGDS">[[Federal Guidelines for Dam Safety \| Federal Guidelines for Dam Safety, FEMA, 2004]]</ref>		"An initial reservoir filling and surveillance plan should be prepared by the design staff. Initial filling should be well documented, including a record of reservoir elevations and controlled water releases during the filling. The record should include complete written justification and design approval of any deviations from the planned filling. The surveillance record should include all information obtained from inspection of the dam, appurtenant structures, abutments, and reservoir rim during the initial filling."<ref name="FGDS">[[Federal Guidelines for Dam Safety (FEMA P-93) \| Federal Guidelines for Dam Safety (FEMA P-93), FEMA, 2004]]</ref>

	"If an embankment dam were to fail under conditions that could be appropriately defined by a limit-equilibrium analysis, it would do so at one of three critical periods... during [[construction]]... first filling... [and] achievement of maximum pore pressure under a full reservoir."<ref name="DS13-4">[[Design Standards No. 13: Embankment Dams (Ch. 4: Static Stability Analysis) \| Design Standards No. 13: Embankment Dams (Ch. 4: Static Stability Analysis), USBR, 2011]]</ref>		"If an embankment dam were to fail under conditions that could be appropriately defined by a limit-equilibrium analysis, it would do so at one of three critical periods... during [[construction]]... first filling... [and] achievement of maximum pore pressure under a full reservoir."<ref name="DS13-4">[[Design Standards No. 13: Embankment Dams (Ch. 4: Static Stability Analysis) \| Design Standards No. 13: Embankment Dams (Ch. 4: Static Stability Analysis), USBR, 2011]]</ref>
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	{{Document Icon}} [[Design Standards No. 13: Embankment Dams (Ch. 2: Embankment Design) \| Design Standards No. 13: Embankment Dams (Ch. 2: Embankment Design), USBR, 2012]]		{{Document Icon}} [[Design Standards No. 13: Embankment Dams (Ch. 2: Embankment Design) \| Design Standards No. 13: Embankment Dams (Ch. 2: Embankment Design), USBR, 2012]]
	{{Document Icon}} [[Design Standards No. 13: Embankment Dams (Ch. 4: Static Stability Analysis) \| Design Standards No. 13: Embankment Dams (Ch. 4: Static Stability Analysis), USBR, 2011]]		{{Document Icon}} [[Design Standards No. 13: Embankment Dams (Ch. 4: Static Stability Analysis) \| Design Standards No. 13: Embankment Dams (Ch. 4: Static Stability Analysis), USBR, 2011]]
	{{Document Icon}} [[Federal Guidelines for Dam Safety \| Federal Guidelines for Dam Safety, FEMA, 2004]]		{{Document Icon}} [[Federal Guidelines for Dam Safety (FEMA P-93) \| Federal Guidelines for Dam Safety (FEMA P-93), FEMA, 2004]]
	{{Document Icon}} [[Slope Stability (EM 1110-2-1902) \| Slope Stability (EM 1110-2-1902), USACE, 2003]]		{{Document Icon}} [[Slope Stability (EM 1110-2-1902) \| Slope Stability (EM 1110-2-1902), USACE, 2003]]
	{{Document Icon}} [[Design of Small Dams \| Design of Small Dams, USBR, 1987]]		{{Document Icon}} [[Design of Small Dams \| Design of Small Dams, USBR, 1987]]

Rmanwaring at 21:20, 6 December 2022

2022-12-06T21:20:02Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 21:20, 6 December 2022
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	==Examples==		==Examples==
	{{Website Icon}} [https://damfailures.org/lessons-learned/the-first-filling-of-a-reservoir-should-be-planned-controlled-and-monitored/ Learn more about the need to plan and monitor the first filling of a reservoir (DamFailures.org)]		{{Website Icon}} [https://damfailures.org/lessons-learned/the-first-filling-of-a-reservoir-should-be-planned-controlled-and-monitored/ Learn more about the need to plan and monitor the first filling of a reservoir (DamFailures.org)]
			{{Website Icon}} [https://damfailures.org/case-study/teton-dam-idaho-1976/ Learn more about the failure of the Teton Dam in 1976 during its first filling (DamFailure.org)]

	==Best Practices Resources==		==Best Practices Resources==

Rmanwaring at 21:18, 6 December 2022

2022-12-06T21:18:31Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 21:18, 6 December 2022
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	----		----
	<!-- Introductory paragraph or topic page summary -->		<!-- Introductory paragraph or topic page summary -->
			"An initial reservoir filling and surveillance plan should be prepared by the design staff. Initial filling should be well documented, including a record of reservoir elevations and controlled water releases during the filling. The record should include complete written justification and design approval of any deviations from the planned filling. The surveillance record should include all information obtained from inspection of the dam, appurtenant structures, abutments, and reservoir rim during the initial filling."<ref name="FGDS">[[Federal Guidelines for Dam Safety \| Federal Guidelines for Dam Safety, FEMA, 2004]]</ref>

	"If an embankment dam were to fail under conditions that could be appropriately defined by a limit-equilibrium analysis, it would do so at one of three critical periods... during [[construction]]... first filling... [and] achievement of maximum pore pressure under a full reservoir."<ref name="DS13-4">[[Design Standards No. 13: Embankment Dams (Ch. 4: Static Stability Analysis) \| Design Standards No. 13: Embankment Dams (Ch. 4: Static Stability Analysis), USBR, 2011]]</ref>		"If an embankment dam were to fail under conditions that could be appropriately defined by a limit-equilibrium analysis, it would do so at one of three critical periods... during [[construction]]... first filling... [and] achievement of maximum pore pressure under a full reservoir."<ref name="DS13-4">[[Design Standards No. 13: Embankment Dams (Ch. 4: Static Stability Analysis) \| Design Standards No. 13: Embankment Dams (Ch. 4: Static Stability Analysis), USBR, 2011]]</ref>

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	"The factor of safety of a dam that survives its first filling and the associated increases in pore pressure will increase with time, unless this factor of safety is so close to unity that cyclic loading produced by fluctuations in the level of the pool causes strain softening and a critical loss of strength."<ref name="DS13-4"/>		"The factor of safety of a dam that survives its first filling and the associated increases in pore pressure will increase with time, unless this factor of safety is so close to unity that cyclic loading produced by fluctuations in the level of the pool causes strain softening and a critical loss of strength."<ref name="DS13-4"/>

	"Some very loose sand foundations may also be collapsible under static loading. They sustain the load from construction of the embankment and then, during wetting or saturation during reservoir filling, they consolidate rapidly or 'collapse.' These types of foundation [[soils]] must be identified and accounted for in the design."<ref name="DS13-2">[[Design Standards No. 13: Embankment Dams (Ch. 2: Embankment Design) \| Design Standards No. 13: Embankment Dams (Ch. 2: Embankment Design), USBR, 2012]]</ref>

	"Experience has shown that dumped rockfill dams often settle and deflect downstream significantly during initial filling. Consequently, many of these high lift embankments have developed leakage problems, and experience has indicated that rock material placed in thin lifts (1 to 4 feet thick) and compacted by vibratory rollers provides a more stable mass in which [[settlement]] is minimal."<ref name="DS13-2"/>

	"Requirements for initial filling should be available and should be agreed upon. During this time extra precautions and procedures for [[operation]] should be established because unpredictable situations may occur. During the first filling the facility should be attended continuously."<ref name="Small Dams">[[Design of Small Dams \| Design of Small Dams, USBR, 1987]]</ref>		"Requirements for initial filling should be available and should be agreed upon. During this time extra precautions and procedures for [[operation]] should be established because unpredictable situations may occur. During the first filling the facility should be attended continuously."<ref name="Small Dams">[[Design of Small Dams \| Design of Small Dams, USBR, 1987]]</ref>
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	{{Document Icon}} [[Design Standards No. 13: Embankment Dams (Ch. 2: Embankment Design) \| Design Standards No. 13: Embankment Dams (Ch. 2: Embankment Design), USBR, 2012]]		{{Document Icon}} [[Design Standards No. 13: Embankment Dams (Ch. 2: Embankment Design) \| Design Standards No. 13: Embankment Dams (Ch. 2: Embankment Design), USBR, 2012]]
	{{Document Icon}} [[Design Standards No. 13: Embankment Dams (Ch. 4: Static Stability Analysis) \| Design Standards No. 13: Embankment Dams (Ch. 4: Static Stability Analysis), USBR, 2011]]		{{Document Icon}} [[Design Standards No. 13: Embankment Dams (Ch. 4: Static Stability Analysis) \| Design Standards No. 13: Embankment Dams (Ch. 4: Static Stability Analysis), USBR, 2011]]
			{{Document Icon}} [[Federal Guidelines for Dam Safety \| Federal Guidelines for Dam Safety, FEMA, 2004]]
	{{Document Icon}} [[Slope Stability (EM 1110-2-1902) \| Slope Stability (EM 1110-2-1902), USACE, 2003]]		{{Document Icon}} [[Slope Stability (EM 1110-2-1902) \| Slope Stability (EM 1110-2-1902), USACE, 2003]]
	{{Document Icon}} [[Design of Small Dams \| Design of Small Dams, USBR, 1987]]		{{Document Icon}} [[Design of Small Dams \| Design of Small Dams, USBR, 1987]]

Rmanwaring at 17:02, 30 November 2022

2022-11-30T17:02:22Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 17:02, 30 November 2022
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	__NOTOC__		__NOTOC__
	[[Category: Construction]]		[[Category: Construction]]
			{\| align="right" style="width:10%;" cellpadding="7"
			\| [[Image:O'NielDam01.jpg\|400px\|x400px\|link=]]
			\|-
			\|style="text-align:center; font-size:90%;"\| Earth embankment dam.
			\|}
	----		----
	<!-- Introductory paragraph or topic page summary -->		<!-- Introductory paragraph or topic page summary -->

← Older revision		Revision as of 22:06, 11 July 2023
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	==Best Practices Resources==		==Best Practices Resources==
	{{Document Icon}} [[Design Standards No. 13: Embankment Dams (Ch. 2: Embankment Design) \| Design Standards No. 13: Embankment Dams (Ch. 2: Embankment Design), USBR~~, 2012~~]]		{{Document Icon}} [[Design Standards No. 13: Embankment Dams (Ch. 2: Embankment Design) \| Design Standards No. 13: Embankment Dams (Ch. 2: Embankment Design), USBR]]
	{{Document Icon}} [[Design Standards No. 13: Embankment Dams (Ch. 4: Static Stability Analysis) \| Design Standards No. 13: Embankment Dams (Ch. 4: Static Stability Analysis), USBR~~, 2011~~]]		{{Document Icon}} [[Design Standards No. 13: Embankment Dams (Ch. 4: Static Stability Analysis) \| Design Standards No. 13: Embankment Dams (Ch. 4: Static Stability Analysis), USBR]]
	{{Document Icon}} [[Federal Guidelines for Dam Safety (FEMA P-93) \| Federal Guidelines for Dam Safety (FEMA P-93), FEMA~~, 2004~~]]		{{Document Icon}} [[Federal Guidelines for Dam Safety (FEMA P-93) \| Federal Guidelines for Dam Safety (FEMA P-93), FEMA]]
	{{Document Icon}} [[Slope Stability (EM 1110-2-1902) \| Slope Stability (EM 1110-2-1902), USACE~~, 2003~~]]		{{Document Icon}} [[Slope Stability (EM 1110-2-1902) \| Slope Stability (EM 1110-2-1902), USACE]]
	{{Document Icon}} [[Design of Small Dams \| Design of Small Dams, USBR~~, 1987~~]]		{{Document Icon}} [[Design of Small Dams \| Design of Small Dams, USBR]]

	==Trainings==		==Trainings==

← Older revision		Revision as of 22:31, 15 December 2022
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	----		----
	<!-- Introductory paragraph or topic page summary -->		<!-- Introductory paragraph or topic page summary -->
	"An initial reservoir filling and surveillance plan should be prepared by the design staff. Initial filling should be well documented, including a record of reservoir elevations and controlled water releases during the filling. The record should include complete written justification and design approval of any deviations from the planned filling. The surveillance record should include all information obtained from inspection of the dam, appurtenant structures, abutments, and reservoir rim during the initial filling."<ref name="FGDS">[[Federal Guidelines for Dam Safety \| Federal Guidelines for Dam Safety, FEMA, 2004]]</ref>		"An initial reservoir filling and surveillance plan should be prepared by the design staff. Initial filling should be well documented, including a record of reservoir elevations and controlled water releases during the filling. The record should include complete written justification and design approval of any deviations from the planned filling. The surveillance record should include all information obtained from inspection of the dam, appurtenant structures, abutments, and reservoir rim during the initial filling."<ref name="FGDS">[[Federal Guidelines for Dam Safety (FEMA P-93) \| Federal Guidelines for Dam Safety (FEMA P-93), FEMA, 2004]]</ref>

	"If an embankment dam were to fail under conditions that could be appropriately defined by a limit-equilibrium analysis, it would do so at one of three critical periods... during [[construction]]... first filling... [and] achievement of maximum pore pressure under a full reservoir."<ref name="DS13-4">[[Design Standards No. 13: Embankment Dams (Ch. 4: Static Stability Analysis) \| Design Standards No. 13: Embankment Dams (Ch. 4: Static Stability Analysis), USBR, 2011]]</ref>		"If an embankment dam were to fail under conditions that could be appropriately defined by a limit-equilibrium analysis, it would do so at one of three critical periods... during [[construction]]... first filling... [and] achievement of maximum pore pressure under a full reservoir."<ref name="DS13-4">[[Design Standards No. 13: Embankment Dams (Ch. 4: Static Stability Analysis) \| Design Standards No. 13: Embankment Dams (Ch. 4: Static Stability Analysis), USBR, 2011]]</ref>
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	{{Document Icon}} [[Design Standards No. 13: Embankment Dams (Ch. 2: Embankment Design) \| Design Standards No. 13: Embankment Dams (Ch. 2: Embankment Design), USBR, 2012]]		{{Document Icon}} [[Design Standards No. 13: Embankment Dams (Ch. 2: Embankment Design) \| Design Standards No. 13: Embankment Dams (Ch. 2: Embankment Design), USBR, 2012]]
	{{Document Icon}} [[Design Standards No. 13: Embankment Dams (Ch. 4: Static Stability Analysis) \| Design Standards No. 13: Embankment Dams (Ch. 4: Static Stability Analysis), USBR, 2011]]		{{Document Icon}} [[Design Standards No. 13: Embankment Dams (Ch. 4: Static Stability Analysis) \| Design Standards No. 13: Embankment Dams (Ch. 4: Static Stability Analysis), USBR, 2011]]
	{{Document Icon}} [[Federal Guidelines for Dam Safety \| Federal Guidelines for Dam Safety, FEMA, 2004]]		{{Document Icon}} [[Federal Guidelines for Dam Safety (FEMA P-93) \| Federal Guidelines for Dam Safety (FEMA P-93), FEMA, 2004]]
	{{Document Icon}} [[Slope Stability (EM 1110-2-1902) \| Slope Stability (EM 1110-2-1902), USACE, 2003]]		{{Document Icon}} [[Slope Stability (EM 1110-2-1902) \| Slope Stability (EM 1110-2-1902), USACE, 2003]]
	{{Document Icon}} [[Design of Small Dams \| Design of Small Dams, USBR, 1987]]		{{Document Icon}} [[Design of Small Dams \| Design of Small Dams, USBR, 1987]]